Post No. 13.
Parthenon.
“Parthenon is a former temple, on the Athenian Acropolis (
Acropolis is the entire site), Greece
Ancient sources identify Ictinus and Callicartes as
co-architects of the Parthenon.
The origin of the Parthenon’s name is from a Greek word,
which referred to the “unmarried women’s apartments” in a house and in the
Parthenon’s case seems to have been used at first only for a particular room of
the temple. It is debated which room this is and how the room acquired its
name.
Christoper Pelling asserts that Athena Parthenos may have constituted
a discrete cult of Athena, intimately connected with, but no identical to, that
of “Athena Polias.” According to this theory, the name of the Parthenon means
the “temple of the virgin goddess” and refers to the cult of Athena Parthenos
that was associated with the temple. The epithet “ Parthénos” meant “ maiden
girl”, but also “ virgin, unmarried woman” and was especially used for Artemis,
the goddess of wild animals, the hunt, and vegetation, and for Athena, the goddess
of strategy and tactics, handicraft, and practical reason. Parthénos has also
applied to the Virgin Mary, Parthénos Maria, and the Parthenon had been
converted to a Christian church dedicated to the Virgin Mary in the final
decade of the sixth century.
The colossal statue of Athena by Phidias was not related to
any cult and is not known to have inspired any religious fervours. It did not
seem to have any priestess, altar or cult name.
Archeologist Joan Breton Connelly has recently argued for the
coherency of the Parthenon’s sculptural programme in presenting a succession of
genealogical narratives that track Athenian identity back through the ages:
from the birth of Athena, through cosmic and epic battles, to the final great
event of the Athenian Bronze Age, the war of Erechteus and Eumolpos. She argues
a pedagogical function for the Parthenon’s sculptured decoration, one that
establishes and perpetuates Athenian foundation myth, memory, values and identity
The Parthenon is a peripteral octastyle Doric temple with
Ionic architectural features. It sands of a platform of stylobate of three
steps, There is a double row of columns at either end. The colonnade surrounds
an inner masonry structure, the cella, which is divided into two compartment. At
either end of the building the gable is finished with a triangular pediment
originally occupied by sculpted figures. The columns are of the Doric order,
with simple capitals, fluted shafts and no bases. Above the architrave of the
entablature is a frieze of carved pictorial panels ( metopes) separated by
formal architectural triglyphs, typical of the Doric order. Around the cella
and across the lintels of the inner columns runs a continuous sculptured frieze
in a low relief. The element of the architecture is Ionic in style rather than Doric.”
(Wikipedia)
The Height is 13.72 meters (45 feet), Cella is 29.8 by 19.2
meters. Size is 69.5 by 30.9 meters.
The Parthenon Sculptures Decoding Images of Ancient Myths –
Joan Breton Connelly. Time: 1:00:06:
Parthenon (Acropolis). Time: 16:03:
The Acropolis of Athens in Athens
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XN44e3jmDSA
Yanni Live at the Acropolis, Greece- Santorini. Related. Song. Time: 3:06:
Hadjidakis- Nana Mouskouri: Athina- Athens. Time: 3:28:
Melina Mercouri & Vangelis- Athina (Greek version)
(1973). Time: 3:57:
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